Q1. In language learning, ability to use lexicon appropriately and skillfully is
considered equivalent to one third of language learning. Write the steps
involved in the usage of lexicon. (5 Marks)
Sol: Lexicon can be defined as “a book containing an alphabetical arrangement of the words in a language and their definitions, or the vocabulary of a language, an individual speaker or group of speakers, particular profession or a subject”. It is an old fashioned word used for dictionary. Talking about the origin of the word “Lexicon”, it is evolved from Late Greek word lexikon, from neuter of lexikos of words, from Greek lexis word, means “speech”, from legein which means” to say”. This word is known to be used at very first time in 1580.In Modern English language we use word “Dictionary” equivalent in meaning to lexicon.
There are currently about 600,000 words in the English language, with educated adults using about 2,000 words in daily conversation. For the 500 most frequently use words there are some 14,000 dictionary meanings.
Knowing to use dictionary is indeed an art and one should practice it frequently to benefit from it at maximum.
Using a dictionary is a crafty tas; one has to go through continuous and steady practice for mastering the art of using dictionary. Knowing to use dictionary will save much of our time and helps in getting accurate knowledge.
Few steps are involved in “how to use dictionary” practice.
At the first step, we should be familiar with the correct sequence of the English alphabets. The reason behind having that knowledge is because all the entered words in dictionary are arranged in an alphabetical order. The first letter of all words are based on arrangement sequence of English alphabets i.e. the very starting words of dictionary will begin with A, then come words starting with B and so on. When the starting letter of all the words is the same letter, then these words are further arranged in accordance to the 2nd letter, i.e. able, ace, add etc. In case if both the 1st and 2nd letters are the same, then the word will be set according to the 3rd letter.
In the second step, we go through the pages of dictionary by keeping an eye on the first letter of words. At the top of every page there present guide words which show the sequence of letters of all the words present on single page. GUIDE WORDS are typed on top of page in bold font e.g. “Eagle”. After coming to the guide word nearest to your desired word, go down through the whole page and you will find your desired word with its origin, meaning, phonetic transcription, description and other details of that word (the extra detail varies from one dictionary to another).
Hence in this way, one can consult the dictionary in an organized and logical way which really helps him in enhancing his knowledge about language as well as about other fields of learning. Using dictionary will make a person an independent learner who can learn knowledge even in the absence of a teacher, proving it to be a very beneficial teaching/learning tool.
Q2. Use the following pair of words in your own sentences that the meaning will be cleared. (5 Marks)
1. file, foil
2. envelop, envelope
3. hoarse, horse
4. incite, insight
5. load, lode
Sol:
1. file, foil
File
The results of the discrimination are written into two output files; one for each class.
Foil
Cover the material tightly with aluminum foil, and bake it for 1 1/2 hours.
2. envelop, envelope
Envelop
They made it to the nearby river before the flames could envelop them, and they stayed there for two days.
Envelope
Please enclose a stamped address envelope with checks for return of the tickets.
3. hoarse, horse
Hoarse
The 84-year-old pope’s voice was hoarse and he spoke just a few words at midday Sunday.
Horse
As a professional riding coach & horse trainer, Anne teaches adult riders to confidently work with their horses.
4. incite, insight
Incite
Our laws permit the exclusion of non-citizens who incite discord or represent a danger to the community.
Insight
This article will give you some insight into a spiritual perspective.
5. load, lode
Load
They carry these huge loads for up to 100 meters back to the nest site.
Lode
This is a large lead-zinc lode which was worked throughout the area of the mine.
Q3. Write the correct stress pattern of the following nouns and verbs. (5 Marks)
- record
- present
- conduct
- suspect
- desert
Answer:-
1. `record re`cord
2. `present pre`sent
3. `conduct con`duct
4. `suspect sus`pect
5. `desert de`sert
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