Question 1: [Marks 10]

Let us consider a situation in which functionality is placed in
device controller instead of keeping that functionality in kernel.
Write down any two advantages and any two disadvantages of
this scenario..

When we place functionality in device drivers instead of using
Kernel then following merits and demerits will occur.
Advantages..
1. Direct controller helps the real time operating system,
application software and device drivers.

2. Device controller also manages basic ADC functionality from
the higher performing servers.
3. It is also helpful to improve the performance by using
dedicated hardware.

Disadvantages
1. Whenever we put the functionality in the device driver
instead of using Kernels then it is very difficult to fix the
bugs.
2. Hardware updates are required when we use device
drivers.
3. It also affects the performance. It decreases the
performance the reason is that embedded algorithms can
interact with the application use of the device.

when an interrupt is occur then a job/process loses its ability of
using a CPU without getting rolled out of memory.