Question No: 1 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
What is the basic assumption of situational approaches to leadership?
► Increasing worker job satisfaction through consideration behavior will get leaders the best results
► Initiating structure for employees by telling them what to do and how to do.
► The appropriate leadership style varies from one set of circumstances to another
► Effective leaders possess certain traits that are situation specific
Question No: 2 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
All of the following are requirements for successful value chain management EXCEPT :
► Coordination and Collaboration
► Continuous Process Improvement
► Organizational Processes
► Technology Investment
Question No: 3 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
The study of society is called:
► Anthropology
► Behavioral sciences
► Sociology
► Psychology
Question No: 4 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Which of the following is NOT one of Fredrick Taylor’s four principles of management?
► Avoid cooperation with workers
► Scientifically select and then train workers
► Divide work and responsibility
► Study tasks scientifically and develop best method to perform it
Question No: 5 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Which one of the following is explaining the Entrepreneur in the best way?
► Goals Setter
► Decision Maker
► Communicator
► Initiator
Question No: 6 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
The most important point of Prof. Edward Deming’s Philosophy was:
► Achieving the Goals
► Consistency of Purpose
► Wastage of the resources should be minimized
► Collaboration among the members
Question No: 7 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Non managerial staff can best be described as:
► Those who actually perform the service or produce the product.
► Those who work anonymously behind the scenes.
► Those who set the goals of the organization.
► Those who supervise others.
Question No: 8 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Henri Fayol was a successful industrialist of :
► France
► Germany
► America
► Canada
Question No: 9 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
The formal right to give orders, make decisions, and see that tasks are completed is called:
► Centralization
► Authority
► Responsibility
► Decentralization
Question No: 10 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Which of the following behavior had dramatically influenced by Hawthorne studies?
► Human behavior
► Social behavior
► Moral behavior
► Ethical behavior
Question No: 11 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
According to Maslow’s hierarchy of need, a healthy work environment is an example of which of the following need?
► Physiological
► Esteem
► Safety
► Social
Question No: 12 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
In some countries people are willing to pay premium prices for branded clothes. But the same clothes virtually have no market in other countries. It comes under which of the following dimensions of general environment?
► Economic
► Socio-culture
► Technological
► Political-legal
Question No: 13 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
A global organization that deals with rules of trade among nations is called:
► ASEAN
► NAFTA
► EU
► WTO
Question No: 14 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
An agreement among the Mexican, Canadian and U.S government in which barriers to free trade have been eliminated is called:
► NAFTA
► ASEAN
► EU
► WTO
Question No: 15 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
The strap of Ali’s bag tore off as he threw it over his shoulder. On the way to school, he stopped at the first store that carries bags, walked in and purchased one from the front rack. Ali has just made which of the following type of decision?
► Maximizing
► Satisficing
► Risky
► Optimal
Question No: 16 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
All of the following are advantages of group decision making EXCEPT:
► Increased legitimacy
► Complete information
► Fewer alternatives due to groupthink
► Increased acceptance of the decision
Question No: 17 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
The intent of which of the following is to reduce uncertainty by playing out potential situations under different specific conditions?
► Project management
► Scheduling
► Environmental analysis
► Scenario planning
Question No: 18 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Which of the following plans are concerned more with actually getting things done than with deciding what to do?
► Strategic
► Tactical
► Long-term
► Operational
Question No: 19 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Which of the following is a statement of an organization’s fundamental purpose that sets a business apart from other firms of its type and identifies the scope of the business’s operations?
► Plans
► Goals
► Vision
► Mission
Question No: 20 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Which one of the following is a weakness of MBO?
► Requires training of employees
► Coordination of goals and plans
► Clarify priorities and expectation
► Foster employee motivation
Question No: 21 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
All of the following are steps in objective setting EXCEPT:
► Specify deadline
► Allow the employee to actively participate
► Link rewards to effort
► Prioritize goals
Question No: 22 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
There are many healthcare products manufacturers. Forrest Labs Drug Company manufactures only personal hygiene products. It markets such products: deodorant, body powder, body creams, and exfoliates. Because it only stocks body care and personal hygiene products, it is using which of the following strategies?
► Prospecting
► Emergent
► Focus
► Cost leadership
Question No: 23 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
A strategy in which an organization operates in several business that are some how linked with one another is called:
► Single product strategy
► Related diversification
► Unrelated diversification
► Conglomerate diversification
Question No: 24 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
The fact that managers can become experts within their industry is a function of which kind of departmentalization?
► Product
► Functional
► Process
► Geographical
Question No: 25 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
An organization’s structure should facilitate which of the following?
► Chain of command
► Necessity of departmentalization
► Achievement of goals
► Span of control
Question No: 26 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Which of the following organization is responsible for the development of small business in Pakistan?
► SMEDA
► BISE
► ICMA
► PCSIR
Question No: 27 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
What things the Organizations are doing to facilitate an effective wider span of control for their managers?
► Decentralizing management functions
► Increasing inventory levels
► Increasing budget allowances
► Investing in employee training
Question No: 28 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Which of the following processes allows lower level employees to be involved in decision-making?
► Departmentalization
► Unity of command
► Span of control
► Decentralization
Question No: 29 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Which of the following is a characteristic of an organic organization?
► Centralization
► High specialization
► High formalization
► Free flow of information
Question No: 30 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
According to Maslow, which one of the following needs does not fit into the higher-order needs?
► Self-actualization
► Esteem
► Physiological
► Social
Question No: 31 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Rewards should always be linked to which of the following?
► Equity
► Recognition
► Performance
► Goals
Question No: 32 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Women tend to use which of the following leadership style?
► Autocratic
► Laissez-faire
► Dictatorial
► Democratic
Question No: 33 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Leaders, such as Bill Gates of Microsoft, who can inspire followers above their own self-interests and can have a profound effect on their performance, are known as:
► Transformational leaders
► Informational leaders
► Dirctive leaders
► Emotional leaders
Question No: 34 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Which of the following is a group that interacts primarily to share information and to make decisions that helps each group member to perform within his/her area of responsibility?
► Work group
► Work team
► Quality circle
► Functional team
Question No: 35 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Which of the following is the last step in the control process?
► Establish standards
► Determine the need for corrective action
► Compare performance against standards
► Measure performance
Question No: 36 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Aisha’s job is to compare each department’s monthly budget to its actual expenditures. Aisha is performing which of the following functions?
► Planning
► Organizing
► Controlling
► Leading
Question No: 37 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Control that prevents anticipated problems is called:
► Feed forward control
► Concurrent control
► Feedback control
► Management control
Question No: 38 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Which of the following is NOT a formal group?
► Command groups
► Task forces
► Cross-functional teams
► Business unit alliances
Question No: 39 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Ali has decided to implement changes within the production process of his organization. This decision was based upon his review of how well the performance level of the organization is meeting the established goals for the company. He is practicing which of the following management functions.
► Planning
► Controlling
► Leading
► Organizing
Question No: 40 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Which one of the following describes the two factor theory in the best way?
► Factors in the organization should be adequate so that people will not be dissatisfied
► Intrinsic factors are related to job satisfaction while extrinsic cause dissatisfaction
► The theory deals with satisfaction, productivity and turnover
► Emphases on those factors use to predict the tendency of work behavior
Question No: 41 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Which of the following is TRUE about the goal of Open-Book Management?
► Get employees to think like owners
► Help employees determine whether their salary is fair or not
► Allow employees to see the company’s profitability
► Allow employees to seek other positions
Question No: 42 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
The customs, norms, values and demographic characteristics of the society in which the organization functions are called:
► The socio-cultural element
► The legal-political element
► The economic element
► The international element
Question No: 43 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
People who make fast decisions and focus on short run prefer which of the following decision making styles?
► Behavioral style
► Analytic style
► Conceptual style
► Directive style
Question No: 44 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Intrepreneurs can act as:
► Idea sponsor
► Idea champion
► Idea generator
► All of the following options
Question No: 45 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
MA. Sohail, CEO of Leads Groups has to increase the salaries of marketing staff because of high turnover, demand of more salary and lack of motivation in the marketing department. Which of the following force created the need for change in the salary of marketing department?
► Change in strategy
► Technology
► Economic changes
► Change in employee behavior
Question No: 46 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Which of the following determines what is to be done, how it is to be done and why it is to be done?
► Job design
► Distributing authority
► Departmentalization
► Job specification
Question No: 47 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Degree to which the job provides clear and timely information about performance results is called:
► Autonomy
► Feedback
► Supervision
► Responsibility
Question No: 48 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
The structure of a learning organization should be:
► Mechanistic
► Organic
► Rigid
► Inflexible
Question No: 49 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
All of the following are the core characteristics of a Job Characteristics Model EXCEPT:
► Autonomy
► Task significanc
► Feedback
► Opportunity
Question No: 50 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Which of the following department is an example of line position that involved in direct chain of command for achieving organizational goals?
► Production department
► Human resource department
► Finance department
► IT department
Question No: 51 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
“Where effort is channeled” relates to which of the following approach of performing a task?
► Intensity
► Direction
► Persistence
► Motivation
Question No: 52 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
A student may dislike an assignment, may find it boring, or may have no interest in the subject, but the possibility of good grades can keep the student motivated to put forth the effort to do well on a task. What urges the student to do well on the task?
► Self confidence
► Self efficacy
► Extrinsic motivation
► Intrinsic motivation
Question No: 53 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
In RT. Electronics an employee wants to perform challenging tasks and looking for independence and responsibilities. Which of the following needs he meets according to McClelland’s Acquired Needs Theory?
► Need for power
► Need for affiliation
► Need for achievement
► Need for association
Question No: 54 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Which of the following can be used by the mangers to weaken the behavior by providing an undesirable outcome to employees?
► Avoidance
► Positive reinforcement
► Extinction
► Punishment
Question No: 55 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
On achieving the targeted sales, Salman the marketing manager of ABC Company has been rewarded an award of “Best employee of the year”. He is happy with this outcome as a result of his performance, because this reward has ___________ for him.
► Equity valence value
► Negative valance value
► Less valence value
► More valence value
Question No: 56 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Ali is the player of local cricket team and he always try to keep him fit in the game as he idealizes Wasim Akram as the best cricketer. Ali is influenced by which of the following powers of Wasm Akram?
► Expert Power
► Referent Power
► Reward Power
► Coercive Power
Question No: 57 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
The focus of ___________ is just on problem solving whereas the focus of _____________ is on inspiring and motivating as well.
► Leader, Manager
► Manager, Leader
► Leader, Coordinator
► Coach, Leader
Question No: 58 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
All of the following are the roles of a leader EXCEPT:
► Troubleshooter
► Liaison
► Coach
► Resource Allocator
Question No: 59 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
The ————– leader has clear performance expectations, goals, and path that will link achievement of the goals to rewards.
► Transactional
► Transformational
► Charismatic
► Visionary
Question No: 60 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Which of the following is called specialized terminology that members of a group use to communicate among themselves?
► Jargon
► Decoding
► Encoding
► Grapevine
Question No: 61 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
During a meeting Mr. A, from the quality control department was not agreeing with the marketing manager on the issue like “how to improve the product quality “. He simply leaves the meeting and by doing so he wants to communicate his disagreement with the marketing manager. This is an example of:
► Non-verbal
► Verbal
► Written
► Oral
Question No: 62 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Groups of approximately ———- members tend to be more effective for taking action.
► 5 to 7
► 6 to 10
► 2 to 4
► 8 to 11
Question No: 63 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
The process in which one party perceives that its interests are being opposed or adversely affected by some other parties is called:
► Crises
► Conflict
► Agreement
► Stress
Question No: 64 ( Marks: 1 ) – Please choose one
Feed forward control is also called as:
► Preliminary control
► Post action control
► Output control
► Concurrent control
Question No: 65 ( Marks: 3 )
How would you differentiate between interpersonal communication and organizational communication.
Question No: 66 ( Marks: 5 )
Imitation of a company’s distinctive competencies is difficult. Do you agree or not?Explain.
Question No: 67 ( Marks: 5)
How can a manager make the delegation process more effective? Give logical reasons to support your answer.
Question No: 68 ( Marks: 5 )
“Goal commitment is needed to accomplish targeted goals, which is affected by many factors”. What are the factors that could affect goal commitment and how managers can use these factors to enhance the commitment?